The Foreign Policy of Pakistan : Kashmir, Afghanistan and Internal Security Threats : 1947-2004/Musa Khan Jalalzai. Reprint. Lahore, Ariana, 2004, vi, 446 p.

    Contents: Introduction. 1. The foreign policy of Pakistan: an overview. 2. The role of state and religion in foreign policy. 3. The foreign policy of sectarian violence. 4. Pakistan's Afghan policy. 5. The price of Afghan policy. 6. Iran-Pakistan relations. 7. Pakistan' India policy, Kashmir and cross-border terrorism. 8. India-Pakistan and Kashmir, Harakatul Ansar, Harkatul Mujahideen, Lashkar-e-Tayba and cross-border terrorism. 9. The Musharraf years - 12 October 1999 to 2004. 10. The Musharaf regime: India-Pakistan relations and US war on terrorism in Afghanistan. 11. Nuclear deterrence and India-Pakistan relations, the CTBT and NPT. 12. Nuclearisation of South Asia and India-Pakistan relations 1947-2003. 13. Post 9/11 and Pakistan's nuclear arms. 14. Pak-Bangladesh relations. 15. Pakistan-China relations: a peaceful neighbourhood 1951-2000. 16. Pakistan's policy towards the United States: Kashmir, Afghanistan and nuclear weapons in South Asia. 17. Beyond the Cold War. 18. Soviet Policy towards Pakistan, Afghanistan and religious extremism in Central Asia (1947-2000). Appendices. Notes to chapters. Bibliography.

    "As people define their identify in ethnic and religious terms, they are likely to see an "us" versus "them" relation existing between themselves and people of different ethnicity and religion. The end of ideologically defined state in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union permits traditional ethnic identities and animosities to come to the fore. Differences in culture and religion create differences over policy issues, ranging from human rights to immigration to trade.

    The conflict of civilizations is deeply rooted elsewhere in Asia. The historic clash between Muslim and Hindu in the subcontinent, manifests itself now not only in rivalry between Pakistan and India, but also in intensifying religious strife within India between increasingly militant Hindu groups and India's substantial Muslim minority. Pakistan's role in the destruction of Afghanistan widened its differences with neighboring countries. With the Cold War over, the underlying differences between China and the United States have reasserted themselves in areas such as technology transfer to the Muslim world, especially, Pakistan and Iran. These differences are unlikely to moderate. A "New Cold War," Deng Xaioping reportedly asserted in 1991, underway between China and America."

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