Contents: Preface. Introduction. Family Nemipteridae: Key to the Genera. Genus Nemipterus Swainson: Key to the species: 1. Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1830). 2. Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes, 1830). 3. Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824). 4. Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791). 5. Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker, 1853). 6. Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes, 1830). 7. Nemipterus randalli (Russell, 1986). 8. Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker, 1856). Genus Parascolopsis Boulenger: Key to the species: 1. Parascolopsis aspinosa (Rao and Rao, 1981). 2. Parascolopsis boesemani (Rao and Rao, 1981). 3. Parascolopsis eriomma (Jordan and Richardson, 1909). 4. Parascolopsis inermis (Temminck and Schlegel, 1843). 5. Parascolopsis townsendi (Boulenger, 1901). Genus Scolopsis Cuvier: Key to the species: 1. Scolopsis aurata (Park, 1797). 2. Scolopsis bilineata (Bloch, 1793). 3. Scolopsis bimaculata (Ruppell, 1828). 4. Scolopsis ciliata (Lacepede, 1802). 5. Scolopsis frenatus (Cuvier, 1830). 6. Scolopsis ghanam (Forsskal, 1775). 7. Scolopsis lineata (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824). 8. Scolopsis margaritifera (Cuvier, 1830). 9. Scolopsis taeniatus (Cuvier, 1830). 10. Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792). 11. Scolopsis xenochrous (Gunther, 1872). Summary. Acknowledgements. Bibliography.