Contents: I. PLANT ECOLOGY: 1. Ecology. 2. The Environment. 3. Ecosystem. 4. Autecology. 5. Ecological Genetics of Population or Gene Ecology .6. Synecology or Study of Communities. 7. Plant Succession. 8. Plant Adaptations. 9. Epiphytes. 10. Halophytes and Mangrove Vegetation. 11. Principle of Phytogeography, Climate , Vegetation and Botanical Zones of India. 12. Ecological Indicators. 13. Environmental Pollution. 14. Global Warming Green House Effect. 15. Conservation of Natural Resources. 16. Forests and Forest Management. 17. Impact of Pollution on Vegetation. 18. Natural Depletion of Vegetation and Endagered Economic Plants of India. 19. Biodiversity ETHNOBOTANY. 20. Ethnobotany SOIL SCIENCE. 21. The Soil. 22. Origin and Formation of Soil. 23. Properties of Soils. 24. Principles of Soil Classification and Soil Surveys Chief Soil Types of India. 25. Soil Erosion and Soil conservation. 26. Soil Fertility-Its Meaning, Causes and Maintenance. 27. Soil Degradation and Wasteland.